React Portals：精通模态框与工具提示，提升用户体验

            <div id="modal-root"></div>
            

              
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            import React, { useState, useEffect, useRef } from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';

const Modal = ({ isOpen, onClose, children }) => {
  const [mounted, setMounted] = useState(false);
  const modalRoot = useRef(document.getElementById('modal-root'));

  useEffect(() => {
    setMounted(true);
    return () => setMounted(false);
  }, []);

  if (!isOpen) return null;

  const modalContent = (
    <div className="modal-overlay" onClick={onClose}>
      <div className="modal-content" onClick={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}>
        {children}
        <button onClick={onClose}>Close</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  );

  return mounted && modalRoot.current
    ? ReactDOM.createPortal(modalContent, modalRoot.current)
    : null;
};

export default Modal;

            

              
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            import React, { useState } from 'react';
import Modal from './Modal';

const App = () => {
  const [isModalOpen, setIsModalOpen] = useState(false);

  const openModal = () => setIsModalOpen(true);
  const closeModal = () => setIsModalOpen(false);

  return (
    <div>
      <button onClick={openModal}>Open Modal</button>

      <Modal isOpen={isModalOpen} onClose={closeModal}>
        <h2>Modal Content</h2>
        <p>This is the content of the modal.</p>
      </Modal>
    </div>
  );
};

export default App;

            

              
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            .modal-overlay {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); /* Semi-transparent background */
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  z-index: 1000; /* Ensure it's on top of other content */
}

.modal-content {
  background-color: white;
  padding: 20px;
  border-radius: 5px;
  box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

            

              
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            import React, { useState, useEffect, useRef } from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';

const Modal = ({ isOpen, onClose, children }) => {
  const [mounted, setMounted] = useState(false);
  const modalRoot = useRef(document.getElementById('modal-root'));
  const firstFocusableElement = useRef(null);
  const previouslyFocusedElement = useRef(null);

  useEffect(() => {
    setMounted(true);
    if (isOpen) {
      previouslyFocusedElement.current = document.activeElement;
      if (firstFocusableElement.current) {
        firstFocusableElement.current.focus();
      }

      const handleKeyDown = (event) => {
        if (event.key === 'Escape') {
          onClose();
        }
      };

      document.addEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown);

      return () => {
        document.removeEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown);
        if (previouslyFocusedElement.current) {
          previouslyFocusedElement.current.focus();
        }
      };
    }

    return () => setMounted(false);
  }, [isOpen, onClose]);


  if (!isOpen) return null;

  const modalContent = (
    <div className="modal-overlay" onClick={onClose}>
      <div className="modal-content" onClick={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}>
        <h2>Modal Content</h2>
        <p>This is the content of the modal.</p>
        <input type="text" ref={firstFocusableElement} /> <!-- First focusable element -->
        <button onClick={onClose}>Close</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  );

  return mounted && modalRoot.current
    ? ReactDOM.createPortal(modalContent, modalRoot.current)
    : null;
};

export default Modal;

            

              
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            <div id="tooltip-root"></div>
            

              
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            import React, { useState, useEffect, useRef } from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';

const Tooltip = ({ text, children, position = 'top' }) => {
  const [isVisible, setIsVisible] = useState(false);
  const [positionStyle, setPositionStyle] = useState({});
  const [mounted, setMounted] = useState(false);

  const tooltipRoot = useRef(document.getElementById('tooltip-root'));
  const tooltipRef = useRef(null);
  const triggerRef = useRef(null);

  useEffect(() => {
    setMounted(true);
    return () => setMounted(false);
  }, []);

  const handleMouseEnter = () => {
    setIsVisible(true);
    updatePosition();
  };

  const handleMouseLeave = () => {
    setIsVisible(false);
  };

  const updatePosition = () => {
    if (!triggerRef.current || !tooltipRef.current) return;

    const triggerRect = triggerRef.current.getBoundingClientRect();
    const tooltipRect = tooltipRef.current.getBoundingClientRect();

    let top = 0;
    let left = 0;

    switch (position) {
      case 'top':
        top = triggerRect.top - tooltipRect.height - 5; // 5px spacing
        left = triggerRect.left + (triggerRect.width - tooltipRect.width) / 2;
        break;
      case 'bottom':
        top = triggerRect.bottom + 5;
        left = triggerRect.left + (triggerRect.width - tooltipRect.width) / 2;
        break;
      case 'left':
        top = triggerRect.top + (triggerRect.height - tooltipRect.height) / 2;
        left = triggerRect.left - tooltipRect.width - 5;
        break;
      case 'right':
        top = triggerRect.top + (triggerRect.height - tooltipRect.height) / 2;
        left = triggerRect.right + 5;
        break;
      default:
        break;
    }

    setPositionStyle({
      top: `${top}px`,
      left: `${left}px`,
    });
  };

  const tooltipContent = isVisible && (
    <div className="tooltip" style={positionStyle} ref={tooltipRef}>
      {text}
    </div>
  );

  return (
    <span
      ref={triggerRef}
      onMouseEnter={handleMouseEnter}
      onMouseLeave={handleMouseLeave}
    >
      {children}
      {mounted && tooltipRoot.current ? ReactDOM.createPortal(tooltipContent, tooltipRoot.current) : null}
    </span>
  );
};

export default Tooltip;

            

              
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            import React from 'react';
import Tooltip from './Tooltip';

const App = () => {
  return (
    <div>
      <p>
        Hover over this <Tooltip text="This is a tooltip!\nWith multiple lines." 
position="bottom">text</Tooltip> to see a tooltip.
      </p>

      <button>
        Hover <Tooltip text="Button tooltip" position="top">here</Tooltip> for tooltip.
      </button>
    </div>
  );
};

export default App;

            

              
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            .tooltip {
  position: absolute;
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8); /* Dark background */
  color: white;
  padding: 5px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  font-size: 12px;
  z-index: 1000; /* Ensure it's on top of other content */
  white-space: pre-line; /* Respect line breaks in the text prop */
}

            

              
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